Posts Tagged ‘microtransaction’

Where’s My Jet Pack?

Wednesday, November 17th, 2010

There have been some really amazing advancements for digital merchants seeking to optimize customer acquisition and retention: new platforms for reaching customers, new payment methods, new technologies to make managing customer relationships and operational infrastructure and much more. It is far easier now to take an idea and turn it into a business than ever before.

In spite of this, I can’t help but think of all the things we don’t yet have, but should. From a billing and monetization aspect, there are several that come to mind:

Less burdensome payment methods – both merchants and customers are primarily still using the same payment methods & infrastructure they were 20 years ago. Mobile billing is coming along, but still has a long way to go before it becomes good for both merchants and customers (e.g., high fees, dispute process issues). Other payment methods may have nice interfaces or ideas, but are still funded by credit cards or debit cards on the back end.

Operational customer reputation profiles – each company builds their own list of good and bad customers, but there are really no systems for verifying, from merchant to merchant, the quality of a customer. Of course, there are many privacy issues that make this difficult, but it would be hugely valuable for every merchant doing business online and could be another great data point for people to evaluate others in a fashion similar to how LinkedIn is used today.

Retry logic for virtual goods purchases / microtransactions – Implementing retry logic is completely feasible now, but would be greatly enhanced with the customer profile concept noted above. If you knew a customer was very likely to pay, it would make sense to treat their payment as a recurring charge. This would result in lower processing fees and allow merchants to retry transactions, greatly increasing their success rates by elimination of most simple failure reasons. We’ve heard that storing a payment method results in 5-10x  better monetization from users – adding retry logic would increase that considerably. We’ve used retry logic to boost customer retention rates for subscription merchants for years now and would expect to see similar increases for microtransactions.

There are many more, but these three seem like the most obvious. Given the rate of innovation we see these days, maybe all of these are being diligently worked on as we speak.

Online Business Metrics

Thursday, February 18th, 2010

If you’ve talked to us here at Vindicia, you know that we’re passionate about helping online merchants grow revenue through increasing customer acquisition and retention. That might seem strange for a billing company, but we think everyone selling digital goods online should focus on the levers that really impact their business – and our billing solution provides some of the answers.

So what metrics should you be tracking to understand acquisition & retention? This will depend on the nature of your products, but the following are a good start:

  • Monthly Unique Visitors (Monthly Active Users for social network apps & games)
  • Campaign conversion
  • Trial conversion
  • Free to paying user conversion
  • Offer page conversion

The metrics above disregard the work necessary for SEO & page ranking in search results (which obviously affect customer acquisition), but they are a good place to start for customer acquisition. For customer retention, the basic list should include:

  • Customer Duration
  • Average Ticket Price
  • Number of purchases / month*
  • ARPU / ARPPU (monthly)*
  • % of payment failures (gross & net, where net = passive opt outs after retry schedule)

* = microtransaction / free to play specific metrics

The average customer lifetime value (ACLV – product of customer duration & average ticket price) will also inform customer acquisition spend in the virtuous circle of online businesses.

Now that we’ve discussed the typical metrics, let’s take a look at some baseline values by industry.

Social / Casual Gaming

  • Free to Paying user conversion – Many analysts are plugging in 10% as an intuitive guess. From our experience, this is a highly subjective number and our microtransaction-based merchants have conversion rates ranging from 6% to nearly 20%
  • ARPU / ARPPU – Again, the blogosphere has done much analysis on these numbers and the consensus tends to be around $0.40 for Facebook games and around $1-$2 per user per month for standalone sites. Our merchants in this space tend to range between $1.25 to over $2, so these numbers seem to be inline.
  • % of payment failures – This tends to be higher for microtransaction-based games than subscription counterparts due to the nature of “one-time” transactions. The gross payment failure rate tends to be around 30%-40% as compared to a 20%-30% rate for subscriptions. Note that the net payment failure rate after billing retries is much, much lower, especially for subscription-based games (typically from 3% – 10% total).
  • Number of purchases / month – Our evidence indicates that the paying users are making multiple purchases per month – from three purchases every two months on average for one merchant to several per month for others.

Premium Content / B2C Software / Subscription MMOs

  • Customer Duration – While this depends on the product and the relative value for consumers, most of our merchants are finding a customer duration of 6 – 18 months, longer if products are renewed annually.
  • % of payment failures – As mentioned in the social gaming section, subscription-based sites have a much lower net failure rate. Our merchants are regularly achieving 90%+ retention rates.

The metrics covered here are the ones that we are most often asked about, and this is an effort to share what we’ve learned from our experience running consumer sites and working with our merchants across different industries. As with any metric though, each of these will depend on the products offered, target markets and customer demographics. For further reading on these topics, I’ve suggested a few links below.

Customer Duration / ACLV

http://www.csb.uncw.edu/people/howe/Classes/MBA541/Customer_lifecycle.pdf

http://customerexperiencematrix.blogspot.com/2007/04/deltalytics-lloyd-merriam-comments-on.html

ARPU / ARPPU / Microtransactions

http://giffconstable.com/2009/07/virtual-world-and-social-game-arpus/

http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/4046/what_are_the_rewards_of_.php

http://freetoplay.biz/2007/06/28/economics-of-making-a-free-to-play-console-game/

http://dubitplatform.com/blog/2009/7/26/calculate-how-much-your-virtual-world-can-afford-to-spend-ac.html

http://lsvp.wordpress.com/2008/06/09/successful-mmogs-can-see-1-2-in-monthly-arpu/